Home CONTACT Bratislava Medical Journal 2024 Bratislava Medical Journal Vol.125, No.7, p.414–418, 2024

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Published Monthly, in English
Founded: 1919
ISSN 0006-9248
(E)ISSN 1336-0345

Impact factor 1.564

 

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Bratislava Medical Journal Vol.125, No.7, p.414–418, 2024

Title: “Glia-like” cells of fibroblast morphology are present in cultures from injured human brain tissue
Author: Ivana SIVAKOVA, Stefan POLAK, Anna PERZELOVA
Abstract: OBJECTIVE: Astrocytes undergo morphological and molecular changes in response to numerous pathological conditions.
BACKROUND: Increased expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) has been reported as a characteristic feature of reactive astrocytes. However, GFAP-positive cells occur rarely in adult human brain cultures. These cultures are mostly composed of flat GFAP-negative “glia-like” cells, which remain poorly characterized in relation to reactive astrogliosis.
METHODS: We examined the cultures from macroscopically injured and normal brain tissue from patients with brain trauma, gliomas, or brain metastases. Immunofluorescence and immunohistochemical methods were used for reactive astrocytes detection.
RESULTS: The intensity of GFAP-positive staining was higher in reactive astrocytes in the brain tissue surrounding gliomas or metastases and lower in brain tissue damaged by traumatic injury. We did not observe any correlation between GFAP-positive reactive astrocytes in cultures and brain tissue. However, we found rapidly proliferating spindle-shaped cells in cultures prepared from injured brain tissue.
CONCLUSION: Present data demonstrate the unexplained phenomenon of disparate cell morphologies in cultures when prepared either from macroscopically normal or injured human brain tissue. While normal cultures are mainly comprised of flat cells, the cultures from severely damaged brain tissue may be entirely composed of spindle-shaped cells usually classified as fibroblasts. We suggest that this spindle-shaped cellular morphology is not specific for fibroblasts, but it rather can be interpreted as the most favorable shape for rapid cell proliferation under culture conditions. After brain trauma, unknown processes may be triggered, such as induced cell proliferation which can be revealed under culture condition. Accordingly, we conclude that spindle-shaped cells are activated precursors of glial cells (Fig. 3, Ref. 15).
Keywords: reactive astrocytes, human glia, GFAP, vimentin, fibronectin
Published online: 21-May-2024
Year: 2024, Volume: 125, Issue: 7 Page From: 414, Page To: 418
doi:10.4149/BLL_2024_63


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